What is a Framework?

According to the online Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary, a framework is:

1. A supporting structure around which something can be built;
2. A system of rules, ideas or beliefs that is used to plan or decide something.

These explanations fit quite well into software development and quality assurance.

Software Development
In term of software development, a framework is:

A supporting structure on which we can build a software system efficiently and effectively.

Different frameworks are available for various purpose. For example, Eclipse is an application framework for software development and management, and JUnit is a unit testing framework.

Quality Assurance
In term of quality assurance, a framework is:

A system of rules and ideas or beliefs that is used to plan or assure the quality of a software product.

These rules, idea or beliefs are usually presented in the form of standards, procedures or guidelines. For example, Australia's national quality assurance framework is a well established and comprehensive framework with responsibility for implementation and management shared between the different levels of government and institutions.